How To Tell If Piano Keys Are Ivory?

How to Tell If piano keys are Ivory?

 

In the realm of musical instruments, the piano stands out not just for its ability to produce a wide range of tones but also for the history and craftsmanship embodied in its keys. Historically, piano keys were crafted from ivory, a material prized for its tactile feel and aesthetic appeal. One of the reasons ivory was used in the first place was because plastic and other materials were not as effective as they would be years later. In addition, since it was such an exotic material, it was considered a luxury. However, with the advent of modern materials and the ethical concerns surrounding the ivory trade, distinguishing between ivory and plastic keys has become a skill of interest to collectors, musicians, piano players, and piano technicians alike. This article delves into the nuances of identifying ivory piano keys, incorporating a comprehensive list of indicators and considerations that span from the material’s historical use to contemporary alternatives.

The distinction between the white ivory key tops and the black keys on older pianos reveals a rich tapestry of musical evolution. In new pianos, manufacturers often use synthetic materials to mimic the feel and appearance of ivory, yet the allure of real ivory keytops remains unmatched for many. These keytops, crafted from solid ivory, represent a high concentration of craftsmanship and historical value. The entire key of an old piano, especially those with old ivory keytops, tells a story of eras past, resonating with the touch of countless piano players over the years.

Identifying real ivory involves looking for unique characteristics, such as the tiny hole at the joint where the two pieces of the ivory keytop meet—a detail not found in modern plastic keys. This method of construction, where the ivory is split into two parts to cover the entire key, is a testament to the material’s valued presence in the construction of pianos. The presence of these old ivory keytops on a piano not only signifies its age but also its journey through time, surviving the transition from the era of solid ivory use to today’s ethical considerations. How to tell if piano keys are ivory?

 

 

The black keys, juxtaposed with the ivory white keys, complete the piano’s iconic look. However, the focus on ivory due to its historical significance and the ethical implications of its use highlights the complexity of preserving musical heritage while respecting modern conservation efforts. The craftsmanship involved in fitting each ivory keytop, ensuring a seamless playing surface, showcases the meticulous attention to detail that piano manufacturers of the past upheld.

As we navigate the ethical landscape of using materials like ivory, the piano, with its blend of black and white keys, remains a symbol of musical and historical complexity. The transition from the use of solid ivory in old pianos to the adoption of alternative materials in new pianos reflects a broader shift in societal values—towards sustainability and conservation. Yet, the fascination with real ivory keytops and the effort to distinguish them from modern substitutes underscore a deep appreciation for the instrument’s traditional qualities and the tactile connection it offers players.

This exploration into the world of piano keys, from the solid ivory of yesteryears to the synthetic alternatives of today, accents the ongoing dialogue between preserving musical heritage and embracing ethical, sustainable practices. As collectors, musicians, and technicians continue to study and appreciate the nuances of piano keys, the story of the piano evolves, mirroring changes in technology, ethics, and artistry. Let’s now check some considerations on how to tell if piano keys are ivory.

 

 

The Historical Context and Ethical Considerations

 

As we have mention before, the use of ivory especially in antique pianos is a practice steeped in a rich yet complex history, tracing back to the early 1900s and even earlier. During these times, the ivory trade was in its heyday, largely unimpeded by the ethical and environmental concerns that are so prevalent today. Ivory, derived from the tusks of elephants, was highly valued for its unique properties. It offered durability, a natural beauty unmatched by other materials, and a subtle grip that enhanced the tactile experience for the piano player. This made ivory the material of choice for the keytops of both grand and upright pianos, symbolizing not only musical excellence but also a status of luxury and refinement. However, this demand for ivory had dire consequences for elephant populations. As the ivory trade flourished, it contributed significantly to the decline of these majestic creatures, pushing them towards endangerment.  Ivory stopped being used between the 1940s and was completely banned in the 1980s, due to the global ban on the ivory trade to protect endangered elephant populations. Since then, most piano manufacturers have switched to using synthetic materials or other alternatives for their keys.

The stark reality of the situation began to dawn on the global community, leading to a shift in perception regarding the use of ivory. Awareness of the ethical implications of the ivory trade grew, highlighting the moral dilemma of valuing material luxury over the preservation of wildlife. This growing consciousness was a catalyst for change, prompting international trade regulations to tighten and effectively marking the beginning of the end for the unrestricted use of elephant tusks and ivory.

 

 

 

 

Identifying Ivory Piano Keys

 

Visual Inspection:

The journey to identify ivory keys begins with a visual inspection. Ivory, being a natural material, possesses a unique aesthetic. Unlike the uniform appearance of plastic keys, ivory keys often exhibit a slight yellowing as they age, a testament to their authenticity and history. This patina, cherished by many, serves as a visual cue to the keys’ material composition. Furthermore, the construction of ivory keys is notably distinct. Traditionally, they were assembled from two pieces – the main body of the key and a thin top layer of ivory. This two-piece construction is a hallmark of ivory keys, offering a clue to their identification that is absent in the single-piece molding of plastic keys.

 

Feel and Texture:

Beyond the visual lies the tactile – the feel of the keys under the fingers of a pianist. Ivory keys are renowned for their natural porousness, a feature that provides a better grip compared to the smoother, often slippery surface of plastic alternatives. This difference in texture is not merely a matter of preference but affects the playability of the instrument. The grip offered by ivory keys can significantly enhance a pianist’s control and expression, making it a coveted feature, particularly in the realm of grand pianos where performance and precision are paramount.

 

Schreger Lines:

Delving deeper into the identification process, the Schreger lines present a definitive method of distinguishing real ivory. These intricate cross-hatching patterns are unique to elephant ivory and are invisible on plastic or other artificial materials. A magnifying glass reveals these lines, offering concrete evidence of the key’s ivory composition. The presence of Schreger lines is a telltale sign, a whisper of the key’s origins in the wild, and a marker of its authenticity.

 

The Hot Pin Test:

Among the methods employed to identify ivory, the hot pin test stands out for its controversy. This method involves heating a pin and applying it to a small, hidden part of the key. Ivory’s resistance to melting contrasts sharply with plastic’s susceptibility to heat. However, the invasive nature of this test, coupled with the potential for damage, renders it a last resort, discouraged by piano technicians and conservationists alike.

 

State Lines and Regulation:

The legal landscape surrounding ivory has evolved in response to the ethical challenges it presents. In the United States and across the globe, the sale and transport of ivory are now heavily regulated. These regulations serve a dual purpose: protecting endangered species and curbing the illicit ivory trade. Knowledge of these legal frameworks is crucial when encountering ivory keytops. Legitimate ivory keys are likely to be found on older pianos, manufactured before the implementation of these stringent bans. This legal context adds another layer to the process of identifying ivory keys, intertwining the historical with the contemporary.

 

The narrative of ivory in piano keys is a tapestry woven from threads of beauty, utility, and ethics. It encapsulates the transition from an era of unbridled consumption to one of conservation and responsibility. As the world moves forward, the legacy of ivory keys remains a poignant reminder of the balance between artistry and ethical stewardship.

 

 

The Transition to Modern Materials

 

As the ivory trade became synonymous with the endangerment of species, piano manufacturers turned to plastic and other artificial materials to craft keytops. Modern pianos, including digital pianos, now feature these materials, which can mimic the ivory feel to some extent but are more ethical and sustainable. The transition also reflected in the craftsmanship of piano keys, with plastic keytops offering uniformity and resistance to wear that ivory keys cannot match.

 

Maintenance and Care

 

Regardless of the material, maintaining piano keys in good shape requires regular cleaning with a soft cloth, avoiding harsh chemicals that can damage either ivory or plastic. For ivory keys, a slightly dampened cloth with gentle soap can be used, followed by drying with a paper towel to prevent moisture from seeping into the keys.

 

Consulting a Piano Technician

 

When in doubt, consulting a piano technician is the best way to determine the material of your piano keys. Technicians have the expertise to identify the subtle differences between ivory and plastic keys without risking damage to the instrument. They can also provide advice on the care and maintenance of the keys, ensuring they remain in good condition whether they are made of ivory, plastic, or other materials. How to tell if piano keys are ivory.

 

Conclusion on how to tell if piano keys are ivory

 

Identifying whether piano keys are made of ivory or plastic involves a combination of visual inspection, tactile assessment, and sometimes, expert consultation. While the allure of ivory keys remains for many enthusiasts and players, the shift towards ethical and sustainable materials reflects a broader change in the music industry and society’s values. Whether your piano is an antique with real ivory keys or a modern instrument with high-quality plastic keytops, understanding and appreciating the craftsmanship and history behind each key can enhance your playing experience and connection to the instrument.

In navigating the complexities of ivory and plastic piano keys, one not only becomes more informed about the instrument but also contributes to a greater awareness of conservation efforts and the importance of ethical material used in the arts. The piano, with its rich history and evolving technology, continues to be a symbol of musical expression and innovation, bridging the gap between the past and the future with every note played.